论文部分内容阅读
目的调查老年患者住院情况,了解和掌握老年人疾病发生和发展规律及特点。方法以病案统计室的出院登记本为依据,将患者分成四个年龄段组,采用回顾性分析,并作统计学处理。结果老年住院患者共2398例,占同期住院病人21.15%,其中60岁～年龄段住院最多,男性病人明显多于女性;疾病构成前五位依次是恶性肿瘤(23.9%)、心血管疾病(11.8%)、呼吸系疾病(10.4%)、脑血管疾病(10%)、消化系疾病(9.8%);死亡原因分析依次为恶性肿瘤(36.2%)、脑血管疾病(18.8%)呼吸系疾病(15.9%)、心血管疾病(11.6%)、损伤(7.2%),前五位死亡人数占90%;老年住院病死率2.9%,明显高于<60岁年龄段1.3%(P<0.01),老年住院死亡例数占同期其他年龄组死亡例数37.9%。结论老年患者年龄越大住院病人越少;恶性肿瘤是威胁老年人健康、生命的主要疾病,而肺癌居我市恶性肿瘤第一位,这可能与我区地理位置、人们的生活方式、饮食结构、以及环境污染等因素有关。医院要加强宣传和普及卫生保健知识的力度,开展康复指导和老年人心理护理,提高老年人对疾病危险因素和前驱症状的认知能力,加强高危人群的管理,开展疾病监控工作。
Objective To investigate the hospitalization of elderly patients and to understand and master the rules and characteristics of disease occurrence and development in the elderly. Methods Based on the record of the hospital discharge records, the patients were divided into four age groups and analyzed retrospectively and statistically. Results A total of 2398 elderly hospitalized patients accounted for 21.15% of the total inpatients in the same period, of which 60 were hospitalized in age group and the majority of male patients were significantly more than women. The top five diseases were malignant tumors (23.9%), cardiovascular diseases (11.8 (10.4%), cerebrovascular diseases (10%) and digestive diseases (9.8%). The causes of death were as follows: malignant tumor (36.2%), cerebrovascular disease (18.8%), respiratory disease 15.9%), cardiovascular disease (11.6%) and injury (7.2%), the top five deaths accounted for 90%; elderly in-hospital mortality was 2.9%, significantly higher than 1.3% (P <0.01) The number of elderly hospitalized deaths accounted for 37.9% of deaths in other age groups during the same period. Conclusion The older the elderly patients, the less hospitalized patients. The malignant tumors are the major diseases threatening the health and life of the elderly, and the lung cancer ranks first in our city. This may be related to the geographical location, people’s life style, diet structure , And environmental pollution and other factors. The hospital should step up publicity and popularization of knowledge on health care, carry out rehabilitation guidance and psychological care for the elderly, enhance the elderly’s cognition on disease risk factors and prodromal symptoms, strengthen the management of high-risk groups and carry out disease surveillance.