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在进行全面生产调查的基础上,自辽宁省主要蔬菜保护地生产区采集保护地及其相邻露地大田0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层土壤样品,测定全盐含量,探讨了当地保护地土壤盐渍化程度及其成因。结果表明:(1)保护地土壤全盐含量显著高于相邻露地相应土层土壤,0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层土壤全盐含量分别是相邻露地土壤的1.5~17.0倍和1.2~11.3倍,盐分表聚现象明显;(2)保护地土壤盐渍化现象较为严重,0~20 cm土层、20~40 cm土层全盐含量超过2 g kg-1的土样分别占46%和29%,而露地大田0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层土样全盐含量均在2 g kg-1以下。(3)区域间保护地土壤盐渍化程度不同,沈阳法库、大连瓦房店、朝阳喀左和鞍山海城等地土壤盐渍化程度相对较重,沈阳新民和丹东东港土壤盐渍化程度相对较轻,其它地区保护地土壤盐渍化程度居中;(4)土壤盐渍化与改种保护地前土壤盐分含量及改作保护地后种植年限、施肥量、复种指数等因素关系密切。因此,应加强相关研究,采取措施,积极防治保护地土壤盐渍化。
On the basis of comprehensive production survey, the soil samples of 0 ~ 20 cm and 20 ~ 40 cm soil layer in the protected area and the adjacent open field were collected from the production areas of major vegetable reserves in Liaoning Province. The content of total salt was measured and the local protection Soil salinization degree and its causes. The results showed that: (1) The total salt content in the protected soils was significantly higher than that in the adjacent soils, and the total salt contents in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soils were 1.5-17.0 times of the adjacent soils, respectively 1.2 ~ 11.3 times, and salinity surface aggregation was obvious. (2) Soil salinization in the protected area was more serious. Soil samples with 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer and 20 ~ 40 cm soil layer with total salt content over 2 g kg-1 Accounting for 46% and 29%, respectively. However, the total salt content of soil samples at 0 ~ 20 cm and 20 ~ 40 cm in the exposed field was below 2 g kg -1. (3) The degree of soil salinization is different between the inter-regional protected areas. Soil salinization is relatively heavier in Shenyang Faku, Dalian Wafangdian, Chaoyang Kazuo and Anshan Haicheng. Soil salinization in Shenyang Xinmin and Dandong-Donggang (4) Soil salinization is closely related to the change of soil salinity before replanting and the time of planting, the amount of fertilizer applied and the index of multiple cropping after changing to protected area. Therefore, relevant research should be strengthened and measures should be taken to prevent and cure soil salinization in protected areas.