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20世纪50年代苏联对华军事技术转移是中苏基于趋同一致的意识形态与互惠互利的国家利益需求,在国际冷战背景下建立的中苏同盟关系领域内实施的一次大规模的国际技术转移。苏联从武器装备、人才培养、国防工业三方面对华实施了全面的军事技术转移。这次技术转移缩短了新中国军队走向正规化、现代化的历史进程。苏联对华军事技术转移是在意识形态与国家利益的制衡与较量中前进的,体现出军事技术国际转移中的三个特点:国家利益的至上性、技术转移的限度性、消化吸收的关键性。
The Soviet Union’s military technology transfer to China in the 1950s was a large-scale international technology transfer conducted by China and the Soviet Union in the field of Sino-Soviet alliance relations established under the background of the international cold war based on the ideological and mutually beneficial national interest needs of convergence. The Soviet Union has implemented a comprehensive military technology transfer to China from three aspects: weapons and equipment, personnel training and national defense industry. This technology transfer shortened the historical process of formalizing and modernizing the new Chinese army. The Soviet Union’s military technology transfer to China progressed between the balance of ideology and the national interest and reflected the three characteristics of the international transfer of military technology: the supremacy of national interests, the limits of technology transfer, and the key to digestion and absorption .