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[目的]了解华东地区民航飞行员的体质指数(BMI)及其影响因素,为进一步实施干预,提高飞行员的健康水平提供依据。[方法]对4 023名符合标准的民航飞行员进行问卷调查和体格检查,采用Spearman相关和多元线性回归法分析BMI及其影响因素。[结果]4 023名民航飞行员BMI平均为(23.96±2.58)kg/m~2,超重率为43.3%,肥胖率为6.2%。单因素方差分析显示,不同公司、地区、婚姻状况、年龄的飞行员BMI差异存在统计学意义,未婚者BMI[(23.14±2.55)kg/m~2]较已婚及离异丧偶等其他婚姻状况者的低[(24.21±2.54)kg/m~2和(24.25±2.56)kg/m~2];随着年龄的增大,BMI呈逐渐增大趋势,<30岁的BMI最低,为(23.49±2.63)kg/m~2,>50岁的BMI最高,为(25.30±2.33)kg/m~2。多元线性回归分析显示,少油饮食和低盐饮食与BMI存在负相关,b及其95%CI分别为-0.226(-0.396,-0.055)和-0.181(-0.331,-0.032),均P<0.01;年龄、月平均飞行时间、吸烟、吃早餐与BMI存在正相关,b及其95%CI分别为0.594(0.497,0.690)、0.256(0.163,0.350)、0.363(0.196,0.531)和0.355(0.164,0.547),均P<0.05。[结论]华东地区民航飞行员BMI较高,并与其工作及生活行为因素相关。建议在该人群中开展有效的干预措施,改变不良习惯和生活方式,促进飞行员的健康。
[Objective] To understand the body mass index (BMI) and its influencing factors of civil aviation pilots in East China, and provide the basis for further implementation of interventions and improvement of pilots’ health. [Methods] 4 023 civil aviation pilots who meet the standards were surveyed and physical examination. Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze BMI and its influencing factors. [Results] The average BMI of 4 023 pilots was (23.96 ± 2.58) kg / m ~ 2, the overweight rate was 43.3% and the obesity rate was 6.2%. One-way analysis of variance showed that there was significant difference in BMI among pilots with different companies, regions, marital status and age. The unmarried BMI [(23.14 ± 2.55) kg / m ~ 2] was significantly higher than those of other marital status (24.21 ± 2.54) kg / m ~ 2 and (24.25 ± 2.56) kg / m ~ 2]. The BMI showed a trend of increasing with age, the lowest was <23 ± 2.63) kg / m ~ 2, the highest BMI> 50 years old was (25.30 ± 2.33) kg / m ~ 2. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between low oil diet and low salt diet and BMI, b and 95% CI were -0.226 (-0.396, -0.055) and -0.181 (-0.331, -0.032, P < 0.01; age, monthly mean flight time, smoking and eating breakfast had positive correlation with BMI, b and 95% CI were 0.594 (0.497,0.690), 0.256 (0.163,0.350), 0.363 (0.196,0.531) and 0.355 0.164, 0.547), all P <0.05. [Conclusion] Civil aviation pilots in East China have higher BMI, which is related to their work and life behavior factors. It is advisable to implement effective interventions in this population to change bad habits and lifestyles and promote the health of pilots.