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目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇血糖、血脂、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)水平与新生儿体重的关系。方法选择2014年7月-2015年6月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院检查并分娩且资料完整的GDM孕妇120例(GDM组)和同期110例正常孕妇(对照组),采用Cobas-8000全自动生化分析仪测定两组孕妇空腹血糖、血脂和采用Bio-Rad D10全自动糖化血红蛋白仪来测定Hb A1c水平,以及记录两组孕妇分娩时的新生儿体重、新生儿评分,分析血糖、血脂、Hb A1c水平以及新生儿评分在两组之间的差异及其与新生儿体重的相关性;根据GDM组新生儿是否为巨大儿将孕妇分为两组,即巨大儿组和非巨大儿组。比较两组孕妇Hb A1c水平。结果 GDM组孕妇的低密度脂蛋白(LDL)及高密度脂蛋白(HDL)均高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(t值分别为1.57、1.54,P>0.05);空腹血糖、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及Hb A1c水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为3.71、2.33、3.45、9.77,P<0.05)。GDM孕妇血糖、TG、Hb A1c水平与新生儿体重存在显著的正相关性(r值分别为0.591、0.712、0.512,P<0.05)。巨大儿组孕妇Hb A1c水平大于非巨大儿组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.45,P<0.05)。结论 GDM孕妇血糖、血脂、Hb A1c水平与新生儿体重有着密切的关系。
Objective To investigate the relationship between the levels of blood glucose, blood lipids and HbA1c in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the weight of newborns. Methods A total of 120 GDM pregnant women (GDM group) and 110 normal pregnant women (control group) were enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from July 2014 to June 2015. Cobas-8000 Fasting plasma glucose and lipids were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer and Hb A1c levels were measured by Bio-Rad D10 automatic glycosylated hemoglobin analyzer. Neonatal weight and neonatal score at delivery were recorded. Blood glucose, blood lipids, Hb A1c levels and neonatal score differences between the two groups and their correlation with newborn weight; pregnant women were divided into two groups according to whether the neonatal GDM group is a huge child, that is, the huge children group and non-giant children group. Hb A1c levels in both groups were compared. Results The LDL and HDL of pregnant women in GDM group were higher than those in control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (t = 1.57, 1.54, P> 0.05). Fasting blood glucose, cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and Hb A1c levels were higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (t = 3.71,2.33,3.45,9.77, P <0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the level of blood glucose, TG, Hb A1c and neonatal body weight in pregnant women with GDM (r = 0.591,0.712,0.512, P <0.05). The level of Hb A1c in pregnant women in Giant children was significantly higher than that in non-Giant children (t = 2.45, P <0.05). Conclusion The levels of blood glucose, blood lipid and Hb A1c in pregnant women with GDM are closely related to the body weight of neonates.