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按照党的“十七大”精神,深入学习实践科学发展观,全面、协调、可持续地推进中国特色社会主义经济、政治、文化、社会和生态文明建设,都离不开对公平、公正或正义价值原则的遵循。为此,我们组织和刊发一组伦理学界专家教授讨论公平、公正或正义问题的文章,旨在引起大家对这些问题的关注和思考。在这组文章中,有的从理论上讨论了公平的伦理真义;有的讨论了劳动关系中的公平正义问题;有的讨论了贫富差距与分配公正问题;有的讨论了生态公正与经济总量控制及提高幸福指数的问题;有的讨论了公平与效率的关系问题。可以说,这些都是我国现代化建设和改革开放过程中的重大理论和实践问题,也是当前社会各界普遍关心的热点问题。这组文章认为,社会主义公平是人类历史上最先进最具有道义性的公平。这不仅因为它是建立在正义的社会制度之上,而且因为它是以正义和平等作为其基本原则的。对于公平正义的劳动关系的建立,不仅需要法律保障,也需要道德保障,其中一个重要问题是有关各方对道德权利的认知与践行。分配有狭义与广义之分。广义的分配,既包括政府这只“看得见的手”的分配,也包括市场这只“看不见的手”的分配。追求公正是分配伦理的核心和原则。我国贫富差距不断扩大,既与狭义的分配不公有关,也与广义的分配不公有关。树立生态公正和控制经济总量的理念,关系到人类的幸福和可持续发展。与二氧化碳排放量相比,“经济总量”控制能更全面、更直接、更有效、更容易地被理解和接受。这需要人们树立一种新的理念,即“提高幸福指数”。追求公平和效率是社会主义的两大基本价值目标。效率与公平之间应该是协调而不是矛盾的关系,对社会公平的信仰应该是社会主义最重要的特征。
In accordance with the spirit of the “17 Big Party” of the Party, it is imperative to thoroughly study and practice the scientific concept of development, comprehensively, coordinatedly and sustainably promote the economic, political, cultural, social and ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics, Follow the principle of fair or just values. To this end, we organize and publish a group of ethics experts and professors to discuss issues of fairness, justice or justice, aiming to arouse people’s concern and reflection on these issues. Some of these articles theoretically discussed the fairness of ethics, some discussed the issue of fairness and justice in labor relations, others discussed the gap between the rich and the poor and the issue of distributional justice, and some discussed the issues of ecological justice and Economic aggregate control and raising the happiness index; some discussed the relationship between fairness and efficiency. It can be said that all these are major theoretical and practical issues in the process of China’s modernization and the reform and opening up as well as the hot issues of general concern to all sectors of the society. This group of articles holds that socialist fairness is the most advanced and most ethical fairness in human history. This is not only because it is based on a just social system, but also because it is based on justice and equality as its basic principles. The establishment of a fair and just labor relation requires not only legal protection but also moral security. One of the important issues is the cognition and practice of moral rights by all parties involved. Distribution of narrow and broad points. The broad distribution includes both the “visible” hand of the government and the “invisible hand” of the market. The pursuit of justice is the core and principle of the distribution of ethics. The widening gap between the rich and the poor in our country is not only related to the narrow distribution of injustice but also to the broad distribution of injustice. The idea of establishing an ecological fairness and controlling the total economy is related to the happiness and sustainable development of mankind. Compared with the amount of carbon dioxide emissions, “total economic ” control can be more comprehensive, more direct, more effective and easier to understand and accept. This requires people to establish a new concept, “to improve happiness index.” The pursuit of fairness and efficiency are two basic values of socialism. The relationship between efficiency and fairness should be coordinated rather than contradictory. Faith in social fairness should be the most important feature of socialism.