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目的了解2011-2015年北京市丰台区新报告艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)中的晚发现情况,采取针对性措施促进病例早发现。方法从中国艾滋病综合防治信息系统中,选择2011-2015年北京市丰台区新报告的HIV/AIDS病例,对其进行流行病学特征分析。结果 2011-2015年丰台区新报告HIV/AIDS病例共1 784例,其中晚发现病例370例。各年晚发现病例的比例依次为16.59%(34/205)、23.51%(75/319)、19.67%(72/366)、21.54%(101/469)和20.71%(88/425)。不同特征的晚发现病例的比例不同,女性、老年人和北京户籍晚发现比例较高,经同性性途径感染病例的晚发现比例明显低于异性性途径感染者(χ~2=24.474,P<0.001);来源于医疗机构的病例晚发现的比例高于专题调查和咨询检测的病例(χ~2=44.006,P<0.001)。结论 2011-2015年,丰台区新报告HIV/AIDS病例数呈上升趋势。未来工作中要更加关注老年人、女性、北京户籍和已婚人群的宣传检测,并加强医疗机构医务人员主动提供HIV咨询与检测的宣传和检测力度,扩大人群检测覆盖面,促进高危人群的早期发现。
Objective To understand the late detection of newly reported HIV / AIDS patients (referred to as HIV / AIDS patients) in Fengtai District of Beijing from 2011 to 2015 and to take targeted measures to promote the early detection of the cases. Methods HIV / AIDS cases newly reported in Fengtai District of Beijing from 2011 to 2015 were selected from China AIDS Integrated Prevention and Control Information System and their epidemiological characteristics were analyzed. Results A total of 1 784 HIV / AIDS cases were reported in Fengtai District during 2011-2015, of which 370 cases were found late. The incidence of late-onset cases was 16.59% (34/205), 23.51% (75/319), 19.67% (72/366), 21.54% (101/469) and 20.71% (88/425) respectively. The percentages of late-onset cases with different characteristics were different. The late-onset percentages of female, elderly and Beijing household registration were higher than those with heterosexual pathologies (χ ~ 2 = 24.474, P < 0.001). The percentage of late-onset cases from medical institutions was higher than those from special investigation and counseling (χ ~ 2 = 44.006, P <0.001). Conclusions From 2011 to 2015, the number of newly reported cases of HIV / AIDS in Fengtai District is on the rise. In the future, more attention should be paid to the promotion and testing of elderly people, women, registered permanent residence and married people in Beijing and to strengthen publicity and detection of HIV counseling and testing by medical personnel in medical institutions so as to expand the coverage of population testing and promote the early detection of high-risk groups .