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石油及天然气通过管道运输是最为经济合理的运输方式。但是石油及天然气具有易燃易爆,有毒的性质严重影响了管道的安全运行。当油气管道经长时间使用之后,会由于外部干扰,腐蚀以及管材施工具体质量造成严重油气管道失效问题。甚至会发生火灾,爆炸,中毒等事故,造成重大人员伤亡及经济损失。在油气管道失效事故发生之后,要深入的分析失效模式,机理以及明确原因,以防止此类事故再次发生。同时对油气管道进行风险评估也是一项重要的工作。对于同一管道系统中的不同管段进行风险评估,可深入了解管道的薄弱环节,掌握风险工作的最佳时机,避免事故的发生。本文主要讲述了油气管道的失效现象以及风险评估,进一步降低了油气管道事故的发生。
Pipeline transportation of oil and natural gas is the most economical and reasonable mode of transport. However, the oil and gas are flammable and explosive, and the poisonous nature has seriously affected the safe operation of the pipeline. When oil and gas pipelines are used for a long period of time, serious oil and gas pipeline failure problems may arise due to external interference, corrosion and the specific quality of pipe construction. Even fire, explosion, poisoning and other accidents can occur, causing heavy casualties and economic losses. In the oil and gas pipe failure, the failure mode, mechanism and clear reasons to prevent such accidents from happening again. At the same time, risk assessment of oil and gas pipelines is also an important task. Risk assessment of different pipe sections in the same pipe system can provide insight into the weak links in pipelines, grasp the best timing for risk work and avoid accidents. This article describes the failure of oil and gas pipelines and risk assessment, to further reduce the occurrence of oil and gas pipelines.