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目的:研究四川省一个平均海拔约3000米的民族地区旅游县县级综合医院急诊科流动人口流行病学特征。方法:回顾性分析2013年松潘县人民医院急诊科的所有属于流动人口患者的临床资料,描述疾病谱、性别、年龄及民族构成,分析急诊时间分布特点,描述其转归情况。结果:2013年松潘县人民医院急诊科的所有属于流动人口患者共2 139例,男1 463例、女676例,年龄(35.81±15.27)岁,其中院前患者130例、院内患者2 009例,汉族1 739例(81.30%)、回族221例(10.33%)、藏族129例(6.03%)、羌族37例(1.73%)、其他民族6例(0.28%),外国人员7例(0.33%)。排名前5位疾病分别为高山病(10.85%),急性上呼吸道感染(7.25%),多处挫伤(6.87%),上肢皮肤裂伤(4.39%),急性胃肠炎(4.02%)。2013年急诊科流动人口患者周分布无高峰点及高峰段,时刻分布高峰点为15点44分(P<0.05),月份分布高峰点7月7日(P<0.05),季节分布秋季每日急诊量最大、冬季最小(P<0.05)。患者转归以门诊随访及留院观察为主,死亡人数7例(0.30%),其中多发性损伤6例,病因大多数为道路交通伤,转诊患者共123例,其中创伤117例。结论:我们可以根据急诊科流动人口患者流行病学特征,合理安排急诊资源,建议政府增加医疗投入,提高急诊救援特别是创伤救治能力,尽可能为流动人口提供健康保障,促进急诊医学的发展。
Objective: To study the epidemiological characteristics of floating population in emergency department of county level general hospital in ethnic minority areas in Sichuan Province, an average altitude of about 3000 meters. Methods: The clinical data of all floating population patients in the Emergency Department of Songpan People ’s Hospital in 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The disease spectrum, sex, age and ethnic composition were described. The distribution characteristics of emergency time were analyzed and their outcomes were analyzed. Results: In 2013, all the patients in the emergency department of Songpan People’s Hospital had a total of 2 139 cases of migrant population, including 1 463 males and 676 females, with an age of (35.81 ± 15.27) years, including 130 pre-hospital patients and 2 009 hospital-based patients , 1739 (81.30%) Han, 221 Hui (10.33%), 129 (6.03%) Tibetan, 37 (1.73%) Qiang, 6 (0.28%) from other ethnic groups and 7 (0.33% ). The top five diseases were high mountain sickness (10.85%), acute upper respiratory tract infection (7.25%), multiple bruises (6.87%), upper extremity skin laceration (4.39%) and acute gastroenteritis (4.02%). There was no peak and peak in the distribution of mobile population in emergency department in 2013. The peak time distribution was 15:44 (P <0.05), peak distribution was on July 7 (P <0.05) The emergency volume was the largest and the winter was the smallest (P <0.05). Outpatients were followed up and hospitalized for observation. The number of deaths was 7 cases (0.30%), of which 6 were multiple injuries. Most of the causes were road traffic injuries. A total of 123 patients were referred, including 117 trauma cases. Conclusions: According to the epidemiological characteristics of emergency population floating population, we can arrange emergency resources reasonably and suggest that the government increase medical investment, enhance emergency rescue, especially trauma rescue capabilities, and provide migrant population with health protection and emergency medicine as much as possible.