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元帅苹果在美国是最广泛栽的培品种。1951年发现了一个短枝型芽变,从那时起,大量新定植的树都具有短枝的习性。果树栽培者很快就看到了许多优点,如树体减少了30%,容易修剪并且剪后易于中心干的整形、易于管理。然而近年来,这些树龄的某些树上出现果实变小,低位树停止营养生长同时产生更多的短枝。对于这些问题,我们认为对短枝型的生理还不尺了解,应进一步研究。
Marshal Apple is the most widely cultivated cultivar in the United States. A spur-type sprout was discovered in 1951, and since then a large number of newly planted trees have the habit of short branches. Fruit growers soon saw many benefits, such as a 30% reduction in the tree body, ease of trimming and ease of center-stem shaping after shearing and ease of management. However, in some of these tree ages, fruit has become smaller in recent years, and lower trees stop growing vegetatively and produce more spurs. For these problems, we think the spur’s physiology is not yet understood, should be further studied.