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肾细胞癌早期发现、早期治疗能改善预后,提高生存率。目前临床上诊断肾细胞癌的最常用方法有二维超声、彩色多普勒超声、增强CT等,但对直径在3 cm以下,内部有出血坏死、囊性变或血供比较少的肾癌,难与一些小的良性肿瘤相鉴别。近年来,国内外大量基础和临床研究证明,超声造影能够显著增强肾脏及其肿瘤血流灌注显示,提高肾细胞癌的诊断准确率。本文将就超声造影剂化学组成、特点、造影作用原理以及超声造影在肾肿瘤(肾细胞癌)诊断中的基础研究、临床应用等方面作一综述。
Early detection of renal cell carcinoma, early treatment can improve the prognosis and improve survival. Currently the most commonly used methods of clinical diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma are two-dimensional ultrasound, color Doppler ultrasound, enhanced CT, but less than 3 cm in diameter, internal hemorrhage and necrosis, cystic degeneration or blood supply less renal cancer Difficult to distinguish with some small benign tumors. In recent years, a large number of basic and clinical studies both at home and abroad have proved that CEUS can significantly enhance the perfusion of renal and its tumors and improve the diagnostic accuracy of renal cell carcinoma. This article will summarize the chemical composition of ultrasound contrast agents, features, principles of contrast and ultrasound contrast in the diagnosis of renal tumors (renal cell carcinoma) basic research, clinical application and so on.