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目的研究不同程序预防Ⅲ级狂犬病暴露,观察免疫效果和不良反应情况,寻找经济有效的防治方法。方法根据124例Ⅲ级狂犬病暴露者所接受的不同免疫程序分为三组:第一组42人接受7针狂犬病疫苗﹢狂犬病免疫球蛋白(HRIG)程序;第二组43人接受5针狂犬病疫苗﹢狂犬病免疫球蛋白程序;第三组39人接受单独5针狂犬病疫苗程序。观察记录接种疫苗后72 h不良反应发生情况,采用间接ELISA法检测狂犬病毒Ig G抗体。结果疫苗接种14d、45d抗体阳转率3组之间差异均有统计学意义(χ2=6.35,χ2=6.70,P均<0.05),第二组抗体产生迅速、阳转率高;三组局部不良反应发生率分别为21.43%、4.65%、23.08%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.45,P<0.05),第二组局部不良反应发生率较低。结论 5针狂犬病疫苗﹢狂犬病免疫球蛋白预防Ⅲ级狂犬病暴露狂犬病毒中和抗体产生迅速、几率高、安全性好。
Objective To study the different procedures to prevent the exposure of Grade Ⅲ rabies, to observe the immune effect and adverse reactions, in order to find a cost-effective prevention and cure method. Methods According to the different immunization procedures accepted by 124 class Ⅲ rabies exposed patients, the patients were divided into three groups: 42 in the first group received the 7-gauge rabies vaccine + rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG) program; 43 in the second group received the 5-dose rabies vaccine + Rabies immunoglobulin program; the third group of 39 people received a single 5-dose rabies vaccine program. The incidence of adverse reactions at 72 h after vaccination was recorded and the rabies virus Ig G antibody was detected by indirect ELISA. Results The positive rate of antibody positive rate in the 14th day and the 45th day of vaccination were all statistically significant (χ2 = 6.35, χ2 = 6.70, P <0.05) The incidence of adverse reactions were 21.43%, 4.65% and 23.08% respectively, with significant difference (χ2 = 6.45, P <0.05). The incidence of local adverse reactions in the second group was lower. Conclusions The 5-pin rabies vaccine + rabies immunoglobulin prevents the rabies virus from being exposed to rabies. The positive rate of rabies virus neutralizing antibody is high, and it is safe and safe.