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长久以来,荒野的概念通常是指遥远的、野性的、自然的、具有高度生态完整性的区域,但是不同的国家或文化中所使用的荒野概念有所不同。然而将荒野作为一种正式的自然保护地类型是相对近期的事情,其应用机制包括国家或省级的法律以及行政命令。荒野保护地也是世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)正式规定的自然保护地类型,荒野保护地与其他类型的保护地明显不同,因为它意指人类和野性自然之间直接而重要的关系。将荒野作为一种特定自然保护地类型的趋势,正在向世界各地许多不同的地区和文化扩展。中国已将生态文明作为国家政策并给予优先考虑,在此背景下,是时候了解其他国家和文化中是如何使用荒野概念的,这将极大帮助在中国开展荒野相关的研究和讨论,最终也将为在中国适用荒野保护概念提供参考。主要聚焦于陆地荒野,对于海洋环境中的荒野概念仅做简短介绍。
For a long time, the concept of wilderness often referred to remote, wild, natural, highly ecologically complete areas, but the concept of wilderness used in different countries or cultures differed. However, the use of wilderness as a formal type of nature reserve is relatively recent, with applications that include national or provincial laws and administrative orders. Wilderness Protected Area is also a type of nature reserve formally stipulated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), which is obviously different from other types of protected areas because it refers to the direct and important relationship between human beings and wild nature. The tendency to make the wilderness a type of nature reserve is expanding to many different regions and cultures around the world. Given the priority given to ecological civilization as a national policy, it is in this context that it is time to understand how wilderness concepts are used in other countries and cultures, which will greatly assist in conducting wilderness-related research and discussion in China and finally It will provide a reference for applying the concept of wilderness protection in China. Mainly focused on land wilderness, only a brief introduction to the concept of wilderness in the marine environment.