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国际消灭疾病工作组(ITFDE)成立于1988年,其任务是系统地评价可在全球消灭的疾病.该工作组在1988～1991年的前4次会议上讨论了15种传染病,确定其中4种(龙线虫病、脊髓灰质炎、流行性腮腺炎和风疹)为可消灭的对象.在本次会议上,评估了另外5种疾病被消灭的可能性.(1)绦虫病/囊虫病:该病流行于拉美、非洲和亚洲,每年发病5000万例,死亡5万例.该病有可能消灭,关键在于对传染疫源地中的猪进行监视及对感染人员进行大批治疗,此外尚需更简便的诊断手段.(2)霍乱:本病目前还不能消灭,但有可能通过改善供水、环境卫生、对危险人群加强卫生教育来进一步控制.消灭该病的主要障碍是存在环境储存宿主及菌株的差异性.(3)恰加斯病(南美洲锥虫病):可通过使用杀虫剂、改善居
The International Task Force on Eradication of Diseases (ITFDE) was established in 1988 with the mission of systematically assessing the global eradication of the disease and the group discussed 15 infectious diseases at its first four meetings, from 1988 to 1991, of which 4 (Dracunculiasis, Poliomyelitis, Mumps and Rubella) were eradication targets and at this meeting, the possibility of elimination of the other five diseases was evaluated as follows: (1) Taeniasis / Cysticercosis : The disease is endemic to Latin America, Africa and Asia, with an annual incidence of 50 million cases and 50,000 deaths. The disease is likely to be eliminated. The key is to monitor pigs in infected areas and treat large numbers of infected persons. In addition, (2) Cholera: The disease can not be eliminated at present but may be further controlled by improving water supply, sanitation and strengthening health education for people at risk.The main obstacle to eradicating the disease is the presence of environmental storage hosts (3) Chagas disease (South American trypanosomiasis): Insecticide can be used to improve home