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目的评价聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）方法对结核性腹膜炎的诊断价值。方法用ＰＣＲ技术检测３０例结核腹水中结核分支杆菌ＤＮＡ，并与腹水涂片抗酸染色及酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测腹水中抗ＰＰＤ抗体进行比较。结果ＰＣＲ的阳性率为６０％，特异性９４．４％；ＥＬＩＳＡ法阳性率６３．３％，特异性７２．２％；涂片镜检均为阴性。结论ＰＣＲ在诊断结核性腹膜炎具有较高的敏感性和特异性，优于ＥＬＩＳＡ法及涂片镜检，如与ＥＬＩＳＡ技术结合可进一步提高检测的敏感性和特异性。
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for tuberculous peritonitis. Methods The DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 30 cases of ascites was detected by PCR. The anti-PPD antibody in ascites was compared with that of ascites smear acid-fast staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The positive rate of PCR was 60% and the specificity was 94.4%. The positive rate of ELISA was 63.3% and the specificity was 72.2%. The smear microscopy was negative. Conclusion PCR in the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis has a higher sensitivity and specificity, better than ELISA and smear microscopy, such as with ELISA technology can further improve the detection sensitivity and specificity.