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目的了解北京市在校初中生烟草使用情况,为制定相关政策提供依据。方法于2013年9-10月,采用两阶段整群抽样方法,对北京市54所初中学校5 193名初中生进行烟草使用流行情况开展调查。使用全球青少年烟草调查问卷,采用学生自填问卷形式收集数据,调查内容包括烟草使用、烟草依赖程度、打算戒烟情况、父母及好朋友吸烟情况等。以全市初中生数加权后,采用SPSS 19.0复杂抽样数据分析程序进行率及其可信区间估算,OR值的估计,率的比较用χ~2检验。结果北京市初中生尝试烟草使用率、现在烟草使用率、现在吸烟率和现在吸卷烟率分别为12.5%、2.9%、2.6%和2.2%,均为男生高于女生,农村学生高于城市学生,初三学生高于初二学生,初二学生高于初一学生,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。34.1%的吸烟学生存在烟草依赖。现在吸烟者中,打算戒烟的比例为48.4%。父母均吸烟的初中生现在吸烟的风险是父母均不吸烟者的11.2倍(95%CI:4.4~28.2)。好朋友中有人吸烟的初中生其吸烟的可能性是好朋友中无人吸烟者的43.9倍(95%CI:15.1~128.0)。结论北京市初中生中吸烟者的烟草依赖程度比例较高,父母吸烟是青少年吸烟行为形成的重要影响因素,初中吸烟学生有明显的同伴效应。
Objective To understand the use of tobacco among junior high school students in Beijing and provide the basis for formulating relevant policies. Methods From September to October 2013, a two-stage cluster sampling method was used to investigate the prevalence of tobacco use among 5 193 middle school students from 54 junior middle schools in Beijing. Using the Global Youth Tobacco Questionnaire, data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The survey included tobacco use, tobacco dependence, smoking cessation, parental smoking and good friends smoking. Taking the number of junior high school students in the city weighted, the SPSS 19.0 complex sampling data was used to analyze the rate of program and its confidence interval estimation, and the OR value was estimated. The rate was compared with χ ~ 2 test. Results Junior high school students in Beijing attempted tobacco use rates. Now the rates of tobacco use, current smoking and current smoking cigarettes were 12.5%, 2.9%, 2.6% and 2.2%, respectively, higher for boys than for girls and for rural students than for urban students , Grade three students were higher than grade two students, grade two students were higher than grade one students, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). 34.1% of smokers have tobacco dependence. Among current smokers, 48.4% plan to quit smoking. Junior high school students who smoke both parents now smoke 11.2 times more likely to be non-smokers (95% CI: 4.4-28.2). Junior high school students who smoke among good friends are 43.9 times more likely to smoke (95% CI: 15.1-128.0) than non-smokers who are good friends. Conclusions Middle-aged students in Beijing have a higher proportion of tobacco dependence among their smokers. Smoking behavior of their parents is an important factor in the formation of smoking behavior among junior high school students. There is a clear companion effect among junior high school smoking students.