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1.鼻出血是小儿常见的症状,尤其在幼儿中更为多见。幼儿鼻中隔的前下方黏膜血管分布丰富、表浅,毛细血管如网状,很容易因外伤或血管扩张而破裂出血。鼻出血可以为一侧或两侧。 2.不论什么原因引起的鼻出血,一旦发现,应立即采取措施止血。最简单的是压迫止血。用拇指与食指从鼻翼两侧向鼻中隔处加压,压迫10分钟左右,多数情况下能止住出血;然后用冷毛巾局部冷敷,使血管收缩止血。如果仍出血不止,可用于棉球(最好蘸0.5克麻黄素液)填塞鼻腔,也是压迫止血的一个措施。鼻出血的孩子要取坐位,头不能向后仰,更不能平卧,因为平卧位使头部血压增高,会加重出血,不利止血。另外,如果出血不止,血液易经咽部吞入胃内,刺激胃黏膜,引起呕吐及胃部不适,而
1. Nasal bleeding is a common symptom in children, especially in young children. Infant nasal septum before the bottom of the rich distribution of mucosal blood vessels, superficial, capillaries such as the mesh, it is easy to rupture due to trauma or vasodilation bleeding. Epistaxis can be on one or both sides. 2. No matter what the cause of epistaxis, once found, should take immediate measures to stop bleeding. The easiest is to stop hemostasis. With the thumb and index finger from both sides of the nose to nasal septum pressure, oppression for about 10 minutes, in most cases can stop the bleeding; then cold cold towel local cold, the blood vessels to stop bleeding. If still bleeding more than can be used for cotton balls (preferably dip 0.5 grams of ephedrine solution) stuffed nose, but also a measure of oppression to stop bleeding. Epistaxis children to take seat, head can not be backward, but not supine, because the supine position of the head blood pressure, will increase bleeding, adverse to stop bleeding. In addition, if more than bleeding, the blood swallowed the throat swallowed the stomach to stimulate the gastric mucosa, causing vomiting and stomach upset, and