论文部分内容阅读
采用田间试验方法,将玉米秸秆切段、粗粉碎、细粉碎、细粉碎后压粒和细粉碎后氨化处理,研究玉米秸秆深施还田对土壤水分转移及产量的影响。结果表明,秸秆粉碎程度越细,吸水能力越强,深施后土壤渗水速度越快;粉碎的秸秆较其他处理更能促进土壤水分竖直方向转移;各处理的蓄水能力表现为粉碎状秸秆处理>段状秸秆处理>CK(不施秸秆),且细粉碎、细粉碎后氨化处理在还田初期就能呈现出明显的蓄水效果;秸秆粉碎状态越细,深施后土壤容重减小的速度和幅度越大,细粉碎处理和细粉碎后氨化处理能在还田初期对减小土壤容重产生明显作用,播种后25 d,土壤容重减小幅度最大,分别达0.052和0.045 g/cm3;秸秆深施还田有效提高玉米产量,产量排序为细粉碎>细粉碎后氨化处理>粗粉碎>细粉碎后压粒>秸秆切段>CK(不施秸秆),其中细粉碎处理对玉米产量的增加影响最明显。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of maize stalks returning to the soil on soil moisture transfer and yield by cutting, coarsely pulverizing, finely pulverizing, finely pulverizing and then ammoniating. The results showed that the smaller the degree of straw crushing was, the stronger the water absorption capacity was, and the faster the soil seepage rate was after deep application. The pulverized straw promoted the vertical transfer of soil moisture more than other treatments. The storage capacity of each treatment was comminuted straw Treatment> Segment straw treatment> CK (without straw), and the finely pulverized and finely pulverized ammonification treatment can show obvious water storage effect in the early days of returning soil. The smaller the straw pulverization state is, The smaller the speed and the larger the amplitude, the finely pulverized and finely pulverized ammoniated treatment can have a significant effect on reducing the bulk density of soil at the beginning of returning to soil. At 25 days after sowing, the soil bulk density decreased the most, reaching 0.052 and 0.045 g / cm3. The application of straw to soil effectively increased the yield of maize. The order of production was finely pulverized> Finely pulverized and ammoniated> coarsely pulverized> Finely pulverized and compacted> straw stalk> CK (no straw) The most obvious impact on the increase in corn production.