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与分子结构的关系,形成了一些理论。认为Ⅰ式中5位的两个R必须是烷基或芳基,若巴比吐酸的5位碳原子上保留一个氢原子,只被一个R取代的化合物则没有催眠作用。其次是两个取代基的碳原子总数以4～8个碳时药效较大。这类药物的作用主要是安眠,但易成瘾。在外科手术上,是借安眠作用来仰制病人的某些反应,从而达到镇静的目的,这叫做“安眠性镇静”。有时因病人的精神过于紧张而不能与大夫合作,急需镇静下来,但不需睡觉。使用巴比吐酸药物往往在未使病人充分镇静之前,催眠作用已相当显著,因此这类药物达不到满意的效果。同时对肝、肾功能也有不良影响。
With the molecular structure of the relationship, formed a number of theories. It is considered that two Rs at the 5 position in formula I must be alkyl or aryl. If there is one hydrogen atom on the 5 carbon atom of barbituric acid, only one R substituted compound has no hypnotic effect. Followed by the two substituents of the total number of carbon atoms to 4 ~ 8 when the larger pharmacodynamics. The role of such drugs is mainly sleep, but easy to addiction. In surgery, is to sleep by the role of supine some of the patient’s reaction, so as to achieve the purpose of sedation, which is called “sleep sedation.” Sometimes the patient’s spirit is too intense to cooperate with the doctor and there is an urgent need to calm down without having to sleep. Hypnotic effects have been quite pronounced with the use of barbituate drugs, often before the patient is adequately sedated, so that such drugs do not achieve satisfactory results. At the same time on the liver, kidney function also have adverse effects.