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绥德方言的“还”除了用作动词、副词,还进一步虚化为语气词,用在句末,表达不满意、责备、无奈等语气;用于句中,表示提顿语气,具有话题标记功能,表达无所谓、不在意等语气。句末语气词的用法在陕北晋语中使用较为普遍,周边晋语亦见。“还”作为语气词的用法是副词继续语法化的结果,形成过程分为两步:第一步是“还”后的成分省略,第二步是重新分析。
In addition to being used as verbs and adverbs, Sui dialect “still ” is further virtualized into modal particles, used at the end of the sentence, the expression of dissatisfaction, reproach, frustration and other tones; used in the sentence, said the Teton tone, with Topic tag function, expression does not matter, do not care and other tone. The use of the modal particle at the end of the sentence is more commonly used in Jin dialects in Northern Shaanxi, as is the surrounding Jin language. The use of “also ” as a modal particle is the result of the adverb’s continued grammaticalization. The formation process is divided into two steps: the first step is to omit the components after “also ” and the second step is to reanalyze.