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1983年10月至1987年6月我科门诊检查的聋哑病人1348例,男842人,女506人。发病年龄在2岁以下者1133人,占84.05%。致病原因主要是氨基甙类抗生素中毒,其中链霉素中毒居首位,其次为庆大霉素、卡那霉素和新霉素,内耳毒性作用与每日剂量及总剂量有密切关系,但也与病人的个体易感性有关。有的仅用小剂量即迅速引起中毒且后果严重。易感性具有家族性和遗传性。小儿易发生耳中毒原因与血中药物半衰期较成年人长有关。不是绝对需要,对婴幼儿和孕妇严禁使用氨基甙类抗生素。聋哑的防治:1、早期发现。2、早期放大(配戴助听器)。3、早期语言训练。全聋病人可考虑作电子耳蜗埋植术。
From October 1983 to June 1987, 1348 cases of deaf-mute patients in our department were examined, including 842 males and 506 females. The age of onset under the age of 2 1133, accounting for 84.05%. The main cause of the disease is aminoglycoside antibiotic poisoning, of which streptomycin poisoning ranks first, followed by gentamicin, kanamycin and neomycin, the role of the inner ear toxicity and daily dose and total dose are closely related, But also with the individual’s susceptibility to the patient. Some use only small doses that cause rapid poisoning and serious consequences. Susceptibility is familial and hereditary. The causes of ototoxicity in children and the blood half-life of drug-related adults longer. Not absolutely necessary, for infants and pregnant women is strictly prohibited the use of aminoglycosides. Deaf and dumb prevention and treatment: 1, early detection. 2, early amplification (wear hearing aids). 3, early language training. All deaf patients may be considered for cochlear implantation.