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目的32例幼小婴儿肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻诊断和治疗方法。方法回顾性分析了32例平均年龄51．5 d的幼小婴儿肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻的诊断和治疗。结果32例患儿术后恢复良好,但其中出现尿外渗2例；吻合口狭窄1例,因周围粘连和瘢痕压迫吻合口而被迫重新二次手术。于术后1个月、3个月、6个月、1年、2年分别行B超检查,均未再出现肾盂增大,未出现肾盂肾盏分离加大趋势,证实吻合口通畅。结论产前和产后的B超检查是比较可靠的辅助手段,对产前肾积水胎儿,建议产后7～10d首次常规B超检查,并于生后6周继续复查；如果B超观察。肾盂未再继续扩张,可继续观察；反之,则应积极手术治疗,以防止影响肾功能；小儿肾积水一般均应考虑保留肾脏,肾皮质在2mm以上,肾脏无明显发育异常,应争取保存患肾；离断性肾盂输尿管成形术效果最好；同时应该积极进行术后随访。
Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction in 32 young infants. Methods The diagnosis and treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction in 32 infants with a mean age of 51.5 days were retrospectively analyzed. Results 32 cases of children recovered well, but there were 2 cases of exudative urine; anastomotic stenosis in 1 case, due to peripheral adhesions and scar compression anastomosis was forced to re-surgery. B-ultrasound was performed at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after operation respectively. No enlargement of the renal pelvis occurred. No separation of the renal pelvis and calyces was found. The anastomotic patency was confirmed. Conclusion Prenatal and postnatal B-ultrasound is a reliable adjunct. Prenatal hydronephrosis fetus is recommended for the first time postpartum 7 ~ 10d routine B-ultrasound, and 6 weeks after birth to continue the review; if B ultrasound observation. Renal pelvis continued to expand, can continue to observe; the other hand, should be actively surgical treatment to prevent the impact of renal function; children with hydronephrosis should generally be considered to retain the kidneys, renal cortex in more than 2mm, no significant renal dysplasia, should strive to save Suffering from kidney; Intermittent pyeloureteral angioplasty the best; at the same time should be actively followed up.