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西方的反失业财政理论从总需求与总供给的不同角度,分析了“非自愿性失业”的导因,并提出了刺激总需求或总供给,扩张就业规模的财政政策,为我们解决失业问题提供了有益的政策选择。但是,该理论仅注重分析财政政策的总量影响,却忽略了对财政政策结构影响的研究。然而,在既定的财政政策条件下,财政政策的结构因素,如资本密集型与劳动密集型两种不同的政府投资结构、资本密集型与劳动密集型两种不同的减税结构、失业保障为主或就业保障为主两种不同的社会保障结构等,将对就业总量产生扩张或收缩的不同影响。因此,有必要从政策结构的角度,更深入地探讨财政政策的就业效应,为调整我国财政策结构,提高其就业扩张效应提供政策思路。
Western anti-unemployment fiscal theory analyzes the causes of “involuntary unemployment” from the perspectives of total demand and total supply, and proposes a fiscal policy that stimulates aggregate demand or aggregate supply and expands the scale of employment so that we can solve the problem Unemployment issues provide useful policy options. However, this theory only focuses on the analysis of the total impact of fiscal policy, but ignores the study on the impact of fiscal policy structure. However, under the established fiscal policy, structural factors of fiscal policy, such as two different types of government investment structures, capital-intensive and labor-intensive, capital-intensive and labor-intensive types of tax relief structures, unemployment insurance Mainly or employment-based two different social security structures will have different effects on the expansion or contraction of the total employment volume. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the employment effect of fiscal policy in more depth from the perspective of policy structure and to provide policy ideas for adjusting the structure of China’s fiscal policy and enhancing the employment expansion effect.