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目的探讨脊椎病和脊椎相关疾病的发病原因及脊椎错位的解剖学因素。方法在16具成人尸体上,在椎间联结完整和人工破坏的情况下,分别观察颈椎各向运动时的错位情况及错位对相关组织的影响。结果椎间联结破坏后,脊椎运动大于30°时可致椎间关节错位,椎间孔变形变窄,椎间孔变窄1/3时,神经根受到刺激,变窄到1/2时,神经根受到压迫。脊椎侧屈大于30°时,钩椎关节发生侧摆式错位,使椎动脉和交感神经受到影响。椎体前后滑脱式错位超过2.0～3.0mm时,可使已有椎管狭窄的脊髓受到压迫。结论在已有损伤、退变的脊椎运动时可引起错位,错位是引起脊椎病发病的主要原因之一。
Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of vertebral diseases and spine-related diseases and the anatomic factors of spinal dislocation. Methods Twenty-six adult cadaveric cadavers were used to observe the dislocation of the cervical vertebra and the influence of the dislocation on the related tissues under the conditions of intact and artificial intervertebral joints. Results After the destruction of intervertebral joint, vertebral movement more than 30 ° can cause intervertebral joint dislocation, foramen deformity narrowing, foraminal narrow 1/3, the nerve root is stimulated, narrowing to 1/2, The nerve root is oppressed. Spinal flexion greater than 30 °, hook lateral joint lateral tilt occurred, the vertebral artery and the sympathetic affected. Spine before and after the spondylolisthesis dislocation of more than 2.0 ~ 3.0mm, can make the spinal cord has been stenosed spinal cord compression. Conclusion Dislocation may be caused in the injured and degenerated vertebral movement. Dislocation is one of the main causes of spondylosis.