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为揭示类芦(Neyraudia reynaudiana)等水土保持植物的耐低磷机制,开发溶磷菌种质资源,提高赤红壤磷素利用率,从类芦根际土壤中筛选到一株溶磷能力较强的真菌FP1,经形态学和ITS序列分析,鉴定为黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)。3种难溶性磷酸盐液体培养基接种菌株FP1后,其pH值和溶磷量的动态变化显示,培养液的pH值均呈显著下降趋势。溶磷量与培养时间有关,除磷酸三钙外,菌株FP1对其他难溶性磷酸盐的溶磷趋势均为先上升再下降并趋于稳定。菌株FP1对不同磷源的最大溶磷率顺序为:磷酸铝(92.02%)>磷酸三钙(41.62%)>3种磷酸盐的混合物(35.86%)>磷酸铁(19.20%)。FP1对磷酸铝和磷酸铁都具有较强的溶磷能力,表明抗逆性强的水土保持植物类芦根际土壤蕴藏着高效的溶磷微生物资源。
In order to reveal the mechanisms of low-phosphorus tolerance of soil and water conservation plants such as Neyraudia reynaudiana, to develop the phosphate-solubilizing germplasm resources and to improve the phosphorus utilization rate in latosolic red soils, The fungus FP1 was identified as Aspergillus niger by morphological and ITS sequence analysis. After inoculation of strain FP1 with three kinds of insoluble phosphate medium, the dynamic changes of pH and dissolved phosphorus showed that the pH value of the culture medium showed a significant downward trend. The amount of phosphate solubilizing was related to the culture time. In addition to tricalcium phosphate, the trend of phosphate solubilization of strain FP1 to other sparingly soluble phosphates first rose and then decreased and tended to be stable. The maximum phosphate solubilization rate of strain FP1 for different phosphorus sources was: aluminum phosphate (92.02%)> tricalcium phosphate (41.62%)> a mixture of three phosphates (35.86%)> iron phosphate (19.20%). FP1 has strong ability of dissolving phosphorus for both aluminum phosphate and iron phosphate, indicating that the soil with strong resistance to water and soil conservation plant rhizosphere soil contains high efficient phosphate solubilizing microbial resources.