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1956—1961年从东北地区收集了1,700个小麦稈绣病菌夏孢子样本,经过室内鉴定,基本上可归纳为三个生理小种类型,即稈中1号、2号和3号,其中以稈中1号为主,一般占80%以上,次为稈中2号,稈中3号极少;后两个小种不是每年出现。根据多年来的试验,东北现有推广的抗锈品种均高度抵抗稈中1号类型,除合作6号外,一般也抗稈中2号,但所有品种均不抗稈中3号。调查结果证明,每年在固定地点设置统一锈圃具有重要的意义,它能预示当年生理小种的变化情况,系统积累资抖,分析比较历年小麦稈锈病的发生流行和受害程度。经过试验,初步选出一套新的鉴别寄主,经几年来试用,基本上能反映出东北区目前小麦稈锈病菌生理小种情况,在现阶段可以应用。
From 1956 to 1961, a total of 1,700 samples of X. spirulina were collected from northeastern China. After identification in laboratory, they could be basically classified into three physiological races, namely stalks No.1, No.2 and No.3, among which straws In the No. 1-based, generally accounting for more than 80%, 2 times in the stalks, stalks No. 3 rarely; the latter two races not every year. According to years of testing, the existing anti-rust varieties in northeast China are highly resistant to the No.1 type of culm except for the No. 6 cooperation, and generally also No. 2 in the resistance culm, but all the varieties are not resistant to No. 3 in the stalk. The survey results prove that setting uniform rust nurseries in a fixed place every year is of great significance. It can predict the changes of physiological races and systematically accumulate information to analyze and compare the prevalence and severity of wheat stem rust in the past years. After testing, initially selected a new set of identification host, after several years of trial, basically reflect the current situation of wheat rape rust pathogen in northeast China, at this stage can be applied.