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在含K低温电解质熔体中,采用EDS及改进型电解膨胀率测试仪,分别研究电解过程中沥青、呋喃、酚醛、环氧基TiB2-C复合阴极中碱金属(K和Na)的渗透迁移路径。同时,计算并讨论相应的电解膨胀率、碱金属的扩散系数以及复合阴极的腐蚀率。结果表明:无论使用何种粘结剂,电解过程中,碱金属在阴极中表现出相似的渗透迁移路径:碱金属首先渗透进入阴极的孔隙当中,随后渗透进入粘结剂相中,随着电解的不断进行,最后渗透进入复合阴极的骨料相当中。渗透进入粘结剂相和炭质骨料相当中的K和Na均会引起复合阴极的电解膨胀,同时,K比Na有着更强的渗透力。树脂基复合阴极的电解膨胀率、碱金属在其中的扩散系数以及腐蚀率均小于沥青基复合阴极,即,树脂基复合阴极的抗碱金属渗透力强于沥青基复合阴极。而就树脂基TiB2-C复合阴极而言,酚醛基TiB2-C复合阴极的抗渗透力最强,碱金属在其中的渗透速率、扩散系数和相应的腐蚀率分别为4.72mm/h,2.24×10-5 cm2/s和2.31 mm/a.
In the K-containing low-temperature electrolyte melt, EDS and improved E-Tester were used to study the migration of alkali metals (K and Na) in the asphalt, furan, phenolic and epoxy-based TiB2-C composite cathodes path. At the same time, the corresponding expansion rate of electrolysis, diffusion coefficient of alkali metal and corrosion rate of composite cathode were calculated and discussed. The results show that regardless of the binder used, the alkali metal exhibits a similar migration path in the cathode during electrolysis: the alkali metal first penetrates into the pores of the cathode and subsequently penetrates into the binder phase, Of the ongoing, and finally penetrate into the composite cathode considerable aggregate. The K and Na infiltrated into the binder phase and the carbonaceous aggregate are equivalent to each other, which causes the electrolytic expansion of the composite cathode. Meanwhile, K has a stronger penetrating power than Na. Electrolysis expansion rate of resin-based composite cathode, alkali metal in which the diffusion coefficient and corrosion rate were less than the pitch-based composite cathode, that is, resin-based composite cathode anti-alkali metal penetration than asphalt-based composite cathode. For the resin-based TiB2-C composite cathode, the phenolic-based TiB2-C composite cathode has the strongest penetration resistance, the penetration rate, diffusion coefficient and corresponding corrosion rate of the alkali metal therein are 4.72 mm / h and 2.24 × 10-5 cm2 / s and 2.31 mm / a.