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目的颈动脉、椎动脉超声检查对缺血性脑梗死的临床意义。方法对133例缺血性脑梗死患者采用多普勒超声诊断仪行颈椎、动脉超声检测,并对其血管走行、动脉粥样斑块及颈总动脉内径(CCAD)、血流峰值(BF)、血管壁内膜-中膜厚度(IMT)、阻力指数(RI)进行统计分析。结果133例缺血性脑梗死患者中颈动脉毛糙者24例(18.0%),粥样斑块者93例(69.9%),总体异常者117例(87.9%),椎动脉异常者51例(38.3%)。经与CT或MRI比较,侧向符合率为82.3%。两组单侧脑梗死患者相比较,其CCAD,BF,IMT,RI部分存在差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论彩色多普勒超声可检测颈动脉粥样硬化程度,提示同侧缺血性脑梗死的危险性,为缺血性脑血管疾病的预防和治疗提供可靠依据。相比较而言,椎动脉对于脑梗死的预测不如颈动脉明显。
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of carotid and vertebral artery sonography in detecting ischemic cerebral infarction. Methods 133 patients with ischemic cerebral infarction were examined by Doppler ultrasonography. The pathological changes of blood vessels, atherosclerotic plaque, common carotid artery diameter (CCAD), blood flow peak (BF) , Intima-media thickness (IMT) and resistance index (RI) were analyzed statistically. Results Among 133 patients with ischemic cerebral infarction, 24 cases (18.0%) had carotid artery rough, 93 cases (69.9%) had atherosclerotic plaque, 117 cases (87.9%) had total abnormalities, 51 cases had abnormal vertebral artery 38.3%). Compared with CT or MRI, lateral compliance rate was 82.3%. The differences of CCAD, BF, IMT and RI between the two groups of patients with unilateral cerebral infarction were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound can detect the degree of carotid atherosclerosis, suggesting the risk of ipsilateral ischemic cerebral infarction, provide a reliable basis for the prevention and treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. In contrast, vertebral artery prediction of cerebral infarction is not as obvious as the carotid artery.