论文部分内容阅读
关于市场机制的利弊研究倾向于在规范的福利经济学中进行 ,以效用为基础的帕累托效率是评价市场机制的标准。但森认为 ,市场机制和个人自由之间存在更基础性的关系 ,在实质自由的背景下讨论竞争市场机制 ,可以得到机会自由弱效率。这个结果使市场机制的最优性得以扩展。然而 ,同以效用为基础来衡量市场机制效率一样 ,按实质自由来衡量市场效率也不包含分配公平、社会公正问题。要实现“基本能力的平等” ,市场机制必须和创造社会机会的基本社会安排相结合
The pros and cons of market mechanisms tend to be studied in the standard welfare economics, and utility-based Pareto efficiency is the standard for evaluating market mechanisms. However, Sen believes that there is a more fundamental relationship between the market mechanism and individual freedom, and the discussion of the competitive market mechanism in the context of substantive freedom, we can get the opportunity to be weak and inefficient. This result extends the optimality of the market mechanism. However, just as utility measures the efficiency of market mechanisms, the measurement of market efficiency by substantive freedom does not include the issue of fair distribution and social justice. In order to achieve “equal basic capacity,” market mechanisms must be integrated with basic social arrangements that create social opportunities