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对 1979～ 1998年我国各省、自治区和直辖市报告的梅毒疫情进行流行病学分析。结果发现我国自 1979午重庆市报告首例梅毒病例后 ,报病数逐年增多 ,尤其是 1993年后 ,呈现大幅上升。至 1998年全国梅毒报告发病率达 4 31/ 10万 ,为 1993年的 2 5倍。 1993～ 1998年梅毒发病率年均增长90 9%。由沿海开放城市向内陆城市再向农村地区蔓延。至1998年全国有 4个梅毒高发区 (珠江三角洲、长江三角洲、东北、京津地区 )。不同地区梅毒发病率和增长速度相差较大。男女梅毒病例数的比例有缩小趋势 ,由 1991年的 1 72∶1,缩小至 1998年的 1 10 :1。年龄别发病率以 2 0～岁组最高 ,10～14岁最低。 1996年后二期梅毒病例多于一期梅毒 ,按性别分层分析 ,男女梅毒病例临床分期构成有高度显特差异 (P <0 0 0 1) ,男性以一期最多 ,女性则以二期最多。近年梅毒在 8种性病中的构成逐年增高。由 1994年的 1 5 3%上升至 1998年的 8 5 0 %。提示我国梅毒流行形势日益严峻 ,应引起足够重视。
Epidemiological analysis of syphilis epidemics reported by various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China from 1979 to 1998. The results showed that since the first syphilis case was reported in Chongqing in 1979, the number of reported cases increased year by year, especially after 1993, showing a sharp rise. By 1998, the national incidence of syphilis was 4 31/10 million, 25 times that of 1993. The average annual increase of syphilis between 1993 and 1998 was 90.9%. From open coastal cities to inland cities and then to rural areas. By 1998 there were 4 high incidence areas of syphilis in the country (the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta, the Northeast, Beijing and Tianjin). The incidence of syphilis in different regions and the growth rate differ greatly. The proportion of syphilis among men and women has been decreasing, from 1 72: 1 in 1991 to 1 10: 1 in 1998. The age-related morbidity was the highest in the 20-year-old group and the lowest in the 10-to-14-year-old group. In 1996, after the second syphilis cases more than a syphilis, stratified by sex stratification, male and female syphilis clinical staging constitute a highly significant difference (P <0.01), men with a period of the most, while women in the second phase most. Syphilis in recent years, the composition of the eight sexually transmitted diseases increased year by year. From 153.5% in 1994 to 85.0% in 1998. Prompt syphilis epidemic situation in China is more and more serious, should cause enough attention.