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安·兰德是20世纪美国具有颇大影响力却也备受争议的一位作家、思想家、公共知识分子,她一生最主要的成就就是创立并发展了客观主义哲学。其中,她在作为客观主义哲学主体的客观主义伦理学中所提出的的核心思想理性利己主义,对于当时正在发展市场经济的美国社会产生了深刻而广泛的影响。兰德的理性利己主义将理性作为最高美德,将生命作为最高价值,不能为了他人而损害自己的利益,她也反对通过损害别人的利益来维护自己的利益。兰德所提倡的这种个人与他人的关系是一种极其和谐的人际关系,但是,她的这些理论具有柏拉图式的“理想国”色彩,与现实社会相结合就会暴露许多矛盾之处。
Ann Rand was an influential and controversial American writer and thinker and public intellectual in the 20th century. The most important achievement of her life was the creation and development of objectivist philosophy. Among them, her core idea of rational egoism proposed in the objectivist ethics as the main body of objectivism has had a profound and wide-ranging impact on the American society that was developing a market economy at that time. Ruth’s rational egoism regards rationality as the highest virtue, takes life as the highest value, can not harm one’s interests for others, and opposes defending one’s own interests by damaging others’ interests. The relationship between the individual and others promoted by Rand is an extremely harmonious interpersonal relationship. However, these theories of her have the Platonic “ideal state” color, and they are exposed to many contradictions in combination with the real society Department.