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目的 :对本院 1998年 2月至 2 0 0 0年 3月 4 0 2例支气管哮喘 (简称哮喘 )患者过敏原皮试结果进行分析 ,探讨大连市哮喘患者的过敏原情况 ,为今后该地区哮喘防治工作提供指导依据。方法 :选择屋尘、粉尘螨、多价霉菌、夏秋花粉、春季花粉、蒿属花粉等 19种常见吸入性过敏原给 4 0 2例哮喘患者做皮内试验 ,计算各种过敏原的阳性率并与哮喘发病情况 (季节 )作比较。结果 :4 0 2例哮喘患者中皮试阳性率最高的为屋尘 ( 51% )、粉尘螨 ( 4 7% ) ,其次为多价昆虫( 36% ) ,多价霉菌 ( 34 % ) ,夏秋花粉 ( 2 5% ) ,豚草花粉相对较低 ( 10 % )。 4 0 2例患者中有过敏性疾病家族史者占 4 1%。结论 :哮喘发作与过敏原有关。大连市常见的诱发哮喘发作或加重的过敏原为屋尘、粉尘螨、多价昆虫、多价霉菌、夏秋花粉。因此对哮喘的预防应加强改善居室环境 ,尽可能避免在花粉高峰季节外出 ,杀灭有害昆虫等。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the allergen skin test results of 420 patients with bronchial asthma (asthma) in our hospital from February 1998 to March 2004 to investigate the allergens in asthma patients in Dalian and to provide evidences for future asthma Prevention and control to provide guidance. Methods: Ninety-two common inhaled allergens such as house dust, dust mite, moldy mildew, summer and fall pollen, spring pollen and artemisia pollen were selected for intradermal test in 402 asthmatic patients. The positive rates of various allergens were calculated And compared with the incidence of asthma (season). Results: The highest positive rates of skin test in 42 patients with asthma were house dust (51%), dust mites (47%), followed by multivalent insects (36%), multifungal molds (34% Pollen (25%), ragweed pollen is relatively low (10%). Forty-one patients with a family history of allergic diseases accounted for 41.1%. Conclusion: The onset of asthma is related to allergens. Common allergens that cause or exacerbate asthma in Dalian are house dust, dust mites, polyvalent insects, polymyxin, summer and autumn pollen. Therefore, the prevention of asthma should be strengthened to improve the living environment, as far as possible in the pollen peak season to avoid going out, killing harmful insects.