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目的对公共场所集中空调通风系统进行风险性评价,为制定公共场所集中空调通风系统风险评价模型提供科学依据。方法采用分层抽样和随机抽样相结合的方法,选取具有集中空调通风系统的公共场所共40家进行卫生学评价,并对数据进行统计学分析。结果公共场所集中空调送风系统可吸入颗粒物(PM10)合格率为80.66%,风管内表面积尘量合格率为97.62%,送风系统与风管内表面的细菌总数合格率分别为87.57%、99.40%,冷却塔中军团菌检出率为45.71%。结论公共场所集中空调通风系统存在卫生学风险,应加强公共场所集中空调的定期检测、清洗和消毒,建立经营者、清洗公司、卫生检测机构三方模型,有效预防由此带来的空气传播性疾病和健康问题。
Aim To evaluate the risk of centralized air conditioning and ventilation system in public places and provide scientific basis for establishing risk assessment model of central air conditioning and ventilation system in public places. Methods A combination of stratified sampling and random sampling was used to select 40 public places with central air conditioning and ventilation system for hygiene evaluation and the data were statistically analyzed. Results The qualified rate of inhalable particles (PM10) in public places was 80.66%. The passing rate of dust on the inner surface of air duct was 97.62%. The passing rate of bacteria on the inner surface of air duct and duct was 87.57% and 99.40% , The detection rate of Legionella in cooling tower is 45.71%. Conclusion There is a risk of hygiene in centralized air-conditioning and ventilation systems in public places. The regular inspection, cleaning and disinfection of centralized air-conditioners in public places should be strengthened. The tripartite model of operators, cleaning companies and health inspection agencies should be established to effectively prevent the airborne diseases And health problems.