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1994年10月21日,韩国首都汉城的一座四车道公路桥坍塌(图1),造成多人遇难。这座长1160m,宽19m的圣水大桥是1979年10月通车的,在横跨汉江的15座公路桥中位居第11位。这座采用钢桁式结合梁桥的造价仅4千万马克。圣水大桥是按悬臂梁设计的,主跨120m(图2),包括两个36m长的悬臂和一个48m长的铰接挂梁。桁梁的上下弦杆为箱形截面,铰接;竖杆和斜杆为工形截面,用高强度节点板连接。桥面结构由30cm厚的钢筋混凝土板和5cm厚的沥青铺装层组成(图3)。 韩国土木工程师协会1994年11月4日的阶段报告指出,桥梁的最终坍塌可能是由于北悬臂铰区一个竖杆的对接焊缝断裂引起的。而焊缝断裂则可能是多种因素共同作用的结果: 1.设计规定,对接焊要采用机械加工后的
On October 21, 1994, a four-lane highway bridge in Seoul, South Korea, collapsed (Figure 1), killing many people. The 1160m long and 19m wide Shengshui Bridge was opened to traffic in October 1979 and ranks 11th among the 15 road bridges across the Han River. The cost of this steel truss beam bridge is only 40 million marks. The holy water bridge is designed as a cantilever, with a main span of 120m (Figure 2), including two 36m long cantilevers and a 48m long articulated hanger. The upper and lower chords of the truss girder are box-shaped sections and hinges; the vertical bars and the inclined bars are work-shaped cross sections, which are connected by high-strength gusset plates. The deck structure consists of a 30 cm thick reinforced concrete slab and a 5 cm thick asphalt pavement (Figure 3). The Korean Society of Civil Engineers report of the stage of November 4, 1994 states that the ultimate collapse of the bridge may be due to the rupture of the butt weld of a vertical pole in the north cantilevered zone. The weld fracture may be the result of a combination of many factors: 1. Design requirements, butt welding to be machined