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合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像匹配可以修正惯性导航系统(INS)的累积误差,提高飞行器的定位导航精度。但地面高度起伏会引起SAR图像中存在几何失真,大大降低了图像匹配的精度。该文从SAR图像的成像原理出发,详细分析了SAR图像几何失真的原因,提出了一种根据实时SAR图像的地形高度计算地形匹配误差的方法,并在此基础上推导得到了一种快速预测地形匹配误差上界和下界的方法。该误差预测方法与匹配过程无关,能够在匹配前完成,对于修正匹配结果、提高匹配精度具有重要的意义。实验统计了90组参考和实时SAR图像的匹配结果,结果表明地形匹配误差均分布在预测的上界和下界之间。
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image matching can correct the cumulative error of inertial navigation system (INS) and improve the positioning accuracy of the aircraft. However, the ups and downs of the ground will cause geometric distortion in the SAR image, greatly reducing the accuracy of image matching. Based on the imaging principle of SAR images, this paper analyzes the causes of geometric distortion of SAR images in detail and proposes a method of calculating terrain matching errors based on topographic height of real-time SAR images. Based on this, a fast prediction method Topological matching error upper and lower bound method. The error prediction method has nothing to do with the matching process, and can be completed before the matching, which is of great significance for improving the matching result and improving the matching accuracy. The experimental results show the matching results of 90 sets of reference and real-time SAR images. The results show that the topographic matching errors are distributed between the predicted upper and lower bounds.