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1956年5月,毛泽东对中国的一定的自由化表示支持,提出了“百花齐放,百家争鸣”口号。农业集体化和工业国有化伴随着第一个五年计划的落实已经真正完成。对将来的发展来说,得到知识分子的合作越来越有必要。这次运动还希望起到减少极端官僚主义的作用。在1956年党的八次代表大会上,出现了一股强大的建设性批评的潮流。某些集体化运动过急并引起不必要的诉诸武力的情况;
In May 1956, Mao Zedong expressed his support for the certain liberalization of China and put forth the slogan of “letting all flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend.” Agricultural collectivization and nationalization of industries accompanied by the implementation of the first five-year plan have been truly completed. For the future development, it is more and more necessary to get the cooperation of intellectuals. The campaign also hopes to reduce the role of extreme bureaucracy. At the party’s Eighth Congress in 1956, there was a tidal wave of strong constructive criticism. Some of the collectivization campaigns are too harsh and cause unnecessary resort to force;