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血管内皮是一个重要的调节器官。正常血管内皮介于循环血液和组织之间，对其物理、化学及激素环境变化能产生相应的生物活性物质，用以调节血管平滑肌张力，保持血管壁光滑，介导血液自稳、细胞增殖及血管壁的炎症、免疫反应和血液的流动性。损伤或激活内皮，会削弱正常的内皮调节功能，引起相应的形态和功能的改变，即内皮功能紊乱，导致一系列临床症状。尽管还没有直接治疗内皮功能紊乱的药物，但现有的基于内皮功能紊乱的病机知识而采取的治疗手段仍取得了较好疗效。新的关于内皮功能紊乱发生的分子生物学基础的知识，革新的诊断手段，有助于治疗内皮功能紊乱。
Endothelium is an important regulatory organ. Normal vascular endothelium between circulating blood and tissue, its physical, chemical and hormonal changes in the environment can produce the corresponding bioactive substances used to regulate vascular smooth muscle tone, to maintain smooth vascular wall, mediated blood stability, cell proliferation and Inflammation of the vessel wall, immune response and blood fluidity. Injury or activation of the endothelium, will weaken the normal endothelial function, causing the corresponding changes in morphology and function, that endothelial dysfunction, leading to a series of clinical symptoms. Although there is no direct treatment of endothelial dysfunction drugs, but based on the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and the treatment taken to obtain better results. New knowledge about the molecular biology underlying endothelial dysfunction and innovative diagnostic tools can help treat endothelial dysfunction.