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航空性中耳炎又名气压损伤性中耳炎,是飞行员的一种多发病。在飞行中由于高度的变化而产生的大气压力变异,致使鼓室内气压与外界大气压不平衡,由此而产生中耳的急性或慢性的损伤性反应,出现耳痛、听觉障碍及耳鸣者,称之为气压损伤性中耳炎。 (一)飞行中咽鼓管对鼓室气压的平衡作用鼓室是一个密闭气腔,借咽鼓管向外界开通以平衡气压,正常人平均每分钟作吞咽动作一次,以开放咽鼓管使鼓室内气压得到调整。当飞行上升时,外界气压降低,鼓室内气体膨胀,压力高于外界,形成正压,使鼓膜向外膨隆。实验证明:当减压3-5mmHg,即相当于飞行上升36-59米(110-180ft)
Aviation otitis media, also known as pressure injury otitis media, is a frequent occurrence of pilots. Atmospheric pressure variations due to altitude changes during flight cause an imbalance between the pressure in the drum chamber and the outside atmospheric pressure, resulting in acute or chronic damage reactions in the middle ear, earache, hearing impairment and tinnitus It is air pressure otitis media. (A) Eustachian tube in the balance of tympanic pressure in the tympanic cavity is a closed air chamber, the eustachian tube opened to the outside world to balance the pressure, the average person per minute for swallowing action to open the eustachian tube so that the inner chamber Air pressure is adjusted. When the flight rises, the outside air pressure decreases, the gas inside the drum expands, and the pressure is higher than the outside, forming a positive pressure so that the tympanic membrane bulges outward. Experiments show that: when the decompression 3-5mmHg, which is equivalent to the flight rise 36-59 meters (110-180ft)