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1898年Nocard和Rout从牛肺疫滤过材料分离出一种性质特殊的微生物,它可引起动物和人类的疾病,被称为支原体。支原体在自然界中分布广泛,从人、鸟、哺乳动物及下水道中都可检出。支原体既不是细菌、也不是病毒。它的形态结构为:支原体缺乏细胞壁和组成细胞壁的粘旦白多肽,只有三种细胞器,即细胞膜、核糖体和原核细胞核,具有伸缩性,可自动变形,因此形态是多种多样的,有环形、杆形、螺旋形、长丝状和颗粒。它能通过细菌滤器。青霉素不能抑制其生长。
In 1898, Nocard and Rout isolated a special kind of microorganism from bovine pulmonary filtration material that causes disease in animals and humans, called Mycoplasma. Mycoplasma widely distributed in nature, from humans, birds, mammals and sewers can be detected. Mycoplasma is neither a bacterium nor a virus. Its morphological structure is: lack of cell wall mycoplasma and the composition of the cell wall mucading peptide, only three kinds of organelles, namely the cell membrane, ribosome and prokaryotic cell nucleus, with flexibility, can be automatically deformed, so the shape is diverse, there are annular , Rod-shaped, spiral-shaped, filamentous and granular. It can pass the bacteria filter. Penicillin can not inhibit its growth.