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目的对滇西地区室内地面游离蚤进行调查和分析,了解蚤类分布和构成情况,评估蚤媒疾病传播的风险。方法选择滇西地区10个县(市、区),每县选择4个自然村,每村随机抽取20个家庭,共800个家庭。每户室内放置10个水盘,连续3晚,每日晨捡蚤,显微镜下进行蚤种鉴定,计算捕获率、蚤指数、构成比及雌雄比。结果 800个家庭中,346个家庭(43.25%)捕到地面游离蚤。放置24 000水盘/夜,捕获地面游离蚤2406匹,捕获率为10.03%,蚤指数为0.100;分属3科5属5种,其中人蚤占72.73%。雌雄比为1∶0.65。结论滇西地区室内地面游离蚤中,人蚤为优势蚤种。蚤媒疾病发生的条件与风险仍然存在,应加强蚤情监测,及时采取灭蚤措施,防止蚤媒疾病的发生与流行。
Objective To investigate and analyze the indoor flea in the west of Yunnan Province, understand the distribution and composition of fleas, and evaluate the risk of flea media transmission. Methods Ten counties (cities and districts) in western Yunnan were selected, and four natural villages were chosen in each county. 20 families and 800 families were randomly selected from each village. Each household indoor 10 water trays, for 3 consecutive nights, daily morning flea picking, flea identification under a microscope to calculate the capture rate, flea index, composition ratio and the ratio of male and female. Results Of 800 families, 346 families (43.25%) caught ground fleas. Placed 24 000 water dish / night, capture 2406 horses on the ground free flea, capture rate of 10.03%, flea index of 0.100; belong to 3 families and 5 genera and 5 species, of which 72.73% of human fleas. Male / female ratio was 1: 0.65. Conclusion In the indoor free flea indoors in West Yunnan, the flea is the dominant flea species. Conditions and risks of flea media disease still exist, should be strengthened fleas monitoring, timely measures to eliminate fleas to prevent the occurrence and prevalence of flea media diseases.