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华玉 4号是华中农业大学玉米研究室育成的单交种 ,1 998年 3月通过湖北省品种审定 ,1 999年 5月通过国家品种审定。为了提高制种质量和节约种子生产成本 ,于 1 994～ 1 997年进行并完成了华玉 4号雄性不育化的育种过程。其母本系HZ85已转育成 4种胞质类型的雄性不育系 :HZ85cms唐徐、HZ85cms双、HZ85cmsS和HZ85cmsM ,它们的雄花不育性稳定 ,其完全不育株率均 >98% ,高度不育株率 <2 % ,无正常散粉株。转育成的 4个雄性不育化组合 :华玉 4号唐徐、华玉 4号双、华玉 4号S和华玉 4号M均属恢复型杂交种 ,它们F1代可育株率达到 92 %～ 1 0 0 % ,散粉结实正常 ,都可单独在生产中使用 ,不需与正常胞质的华玉 4号掺合使用。它们的生产力和抗病性与华玉 4号处于同一水平。文中介绍了华玉 4号雄性不育化的育种过程 ;两段十区的不育化杂交种子生产体系 ;玉米胞质检测分类的生物分子技术方法 ;提出了利用玉米雄性不育胞质杂交种的一些见解
Huayu 4 is a single cross breed bred by the Corn Research Laboratory of Huazhong Agricultural University. It passed the examination of varieties in Hubei Province in March 1998 and passed the examination of national varieties in May 1999. In order to improve seed quality and save seed production cost, the breeding process of Huayu No.4 male sterility was carried out from1994to1997. The male sterile line HZ85 has been transformed into four cytoplasmic male sterile lines: HZ85cms Tangxu, HZ85cms pairs, HZ85cmsS and HZ85cmsM. Their male sterility is stable, and the rate of complete sterile plants is> 98% Infertility rate <2%, no normal loose powder strain. The four male sterile combinations were transformed into Huayu No.4 Tangxu, Huayu No.4 double, Huayu No.4 S and Huayu No.4 M were all restorer hybrids, and the F1 plant fertility rate reached 92% ~ 100%, loose powder normal, can be used alone in the production, without the normal cytoplasm Huayu 4 blended use. Their productivity and disease resistance are at the same level as Huayu No.4. In this paper, we introduced the breeding process of Huayu No.4 male sterility, the two non-sterile hybrid seed production systems in ten areas, the biomolecular technology method of maize cytoplasm detection and classification, the maize male sterile cytoplasm hybrid Some insights