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建国初期,为了迅速改变旧中国疾病丛生、“东亚病夫”的状况,党中央和中央人民政府根据当时的条件和解放区卫生工作的经验,制定了我国卫生工作四大方针:面向工农兵,预防为主,团结中西医,卫生工作与群众运动相结合。这四大方针,在我国卫生事业建设中发挥着重大作用,对总结卫生管理的历史经验具有特定的意义。(一)预防医学的历史发展
In the early years after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, in order to rapidly change the conditions of the old Chinese diseases and the conditions of “the disease of East Asia,” the Party Central Committee and the Central People’s Government formulated four major guidelines for health work in China based on the conditions at that time and the experience of health work in the liberated areas: The main focus is prevention, uniting Chinese and Western medicine, and combining health work with the mass movement. These four major policies play a major role in the construction of health services in our country and have specific significance in summarizing the historical experience of health management. (a) Historical development of preventive medicine