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作者用反相高效液相色谱法测定和比较了人参、西洋参和三七中人参皂甙的组成和含量。本法采用 Alttech 公司的 Adsorbosphere HS C_(18)柱,并以0.005 M NaH_2PO_4-H_3PO_4缓冲液(pH 3.0)和乙腈-水(50:50)作为梯度洗脱流动相。人参皂甙 Rb_1、Rb_2、Rb_3、Rc、Rd、Rf、Ro、Re+Rg_1可以在一步分析过程中达到基线分离。人参皂甙直接在203 nm波长处检测,检测下限在信噪比3:1时为40 ng。经改进后用 SEP-PAK C_(18)预柱的样品纯化方法,可以大大减少样品提取液中杂质对前沿峰的干扰,而获得平滑的基线背景。结果表明,样品甲醇提取液主要成分人参皂甙的 HPLC 谱图可作为化学指纹用于三个人参品种的鉴别,并发现野生人参和栽培人参、生晒参和红参、中国红参和朝鲜高丽参,以及四个不同采收月份的栽培人参中主要人参皂甙成分组成上没有明显的区别,但是在含量上有某些不同。同时对西洋参芦头、主根、细根以及参叶等的九种人参皂甙含量进行了定量和比较。
The authors used RP-HPLC to determine and compare the composition and content of ginsenosides in ginseng, American ginseng and Panax notoginseng. The method was performed on an Adsorbosphere HS C_(18) column from Alttech and the mobile phase was eluted with a gradient of 0.005 M NaH2PO4-H3PO4 buffer (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile-water (50:50). Ginsenosides Rb_1, Rb_2, Rb_3, Rc, Rd, Rf, Ro, Re+Rg_1 can be baseline separated in one-step analysis. Ginsenoside was detected directly at a wavelength of 203 nm, and the detection limit was 40 ng at a signal to noise ratio of 3:1. Improved SEP-PAK C_(18) pre-column sample purification method can greatly reduce the interference of the impurities in the sample extract on the frontal peak, and obtain a smooth baseline background. The results showed that the HPLC chromatogram of ginsenosides, the main component of the methanol extract of the sample, could be used as a chemical fingerprint for the identification of three ginseng varieties, and wild ginseng and cultivated ginseng, raw ginseng and red ginseng, Chinese red ginseng and Korean ginseng were found. There are no significant differences in the composition of the main ginsenosides in cultivated ginseng and in four different harvest months, but there are some differences in the content. At the same time, nine kinds of ginsenosides in American ginseng root, main root, fine root and ginseng leaf were quantified and compared.