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利用10×12按不完全双列杂交设计(NCⅡ),对22个玉米自交系的株高、穗位高等10个农艺性状的一般配合力(GCA)、特殊配合力(SCA)和遗传参数进行了分析。结果表明:(1)22个自交系中,11HN097、11HN099、11HN105、11HN110的产量GCA效应较高,是组配强优势杂交组合的优良自交系;11HN110×11HN097、11HN110×11HN105、11HN112×11HN097、11HN106×11HN104产量居前4位,这4个组合可进一步通过试验来鉴定其丰产性、适应性、稳产性;10个性状的遗传以加性基因效应为主,受非加性基因的作用较小;株高、穗位、穗行数、穗长、行粒数、百粒重、出籽率的狭义遗传率大于50%,其变异由遗传引起的比重较大,易在早代进行选择;穗粗、秃尖和产量的狭义遗传率低,不宜在早代选择。
The GCA, SCA and genetic parameters of 10 agronomic traits of 22 maize inbred lines were determined using 10 × 12 inbred lines (NC Ⅱ) Analyzed. The results showed that: (1) Among 22 inbred lines, 11HN097, 11HN099, 11HN105 and 11HN110 had high GCA effect, which was an excellent inbred line with strong heterosis combinations; 11HN110 × 11HN097, 11HN110 × 11HN105, 11HN112 × The yield of 11HN097 and 11HN106 × 11HN104 was the top 4, and the four combinations could be further tested to identify their high yield, adaptability and stability. The inheritance of 10 traits was mainly additive gene effect, The narrow heritability of plant height, ear position, ear length, ear length, line grain number, grain weight and seed yield was more than 50%, and the variation was genetically caused by a large proportion, Selection; spike rough, bald sharp and yield narrow genetic heritability, should not be selected in the early generation.