论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨1959~2002年广西城乡居民膳食结构的变迁及其意义。方法分析1959、1982、1992、2002广西4次营养调查资料,评价膳食结构、营养不良和营养过剩相关慢病的变化趋势。结果1959~2002年广西居民摄入动物类食品逐年增加,植物类食品缓慢减少。畜、禽、肉、油脂、水果增加较快,奶、蛋、水产豆类不足,谷薯类缓慢下降。城市居民鱼虾、蛋、奶、蔬菜、水果年增长率比农村居民高。农村居民畜禽肉年增长率比城市居民高,谷类年下降率比城市居民大,1993~2002年蔬菜递减较快。来自脂肪的能量已占总能量的31.3%。营养不良呈逐年下降趋势,营养过剩慢病则呈逐年上升趋势,农村居民营养不良率高于城市居民,城市居民营养过剩慢病患病率则高于农村居民。结论广西城乡居民已进入了膳食营养结构急剧变迁的关键时期,城乡发展不平衡,有明显的由低脂膳食向高脂膳食转变的趋势。
Objective To explore the changes of dietary structure between urban and rural residents in Guangxi from 1959 to 2002 and its significance. Methods The data of 4 nutrition surveys in Guangxi in 1959, 1982, 1992 and 2002 were analyzed to evaluate the changes of dietary structure, malnutrition and chronic diseases related to excess nutrition. Results From 1959 to 2002, the intake of animal food by Guangxi residents increased year by year, while the consumption of plant foods decreased slowly. Livestock, poultry, meat, fat, fruits increased rapidly, milk, eggs, aquatic beans inadequate, slow decline of cereals and tubers. Urban residents fish, eggs, milk, vegetables, fruits, annual growth rate higher than rural residents. The annual growth rate of livestock and poultry meat of rural residents is higher than that of city dwellers, and the annual declining rate of cereals is larger than that of city dwellers. The vegetables decreased rapidly from 1993 to 2002. The energy from fat has accounted for 31.3% of the total energy. Malnutrition showed a declining trend year by year, while the prevalence of excess chronic diseases showed an upward trend year by year. The rate of malnutrition among rural residents was higher than that of urban residents. The prevalence of excess chronic diseases among urban residents was higher than that of rural residents. Conclusion Urban and rural residents in Guangxi have entered a critical period of drastic changes in dietary nutrition. There is an imbalance between urban and rural development and there is a clear trend of changing from a low-fat diet to a high-fat diet.