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目的:分析肾内科血液透析(HD)治疗的常见并发症,为临床治疗提供指导依据。方法:回顾性分析2014年10月至2015年10月贵州医科大学第三附属医院收录的60例HD患者资料,统计治疗期间并发症的发生情况,对急性并发症的表现及治疗方式进行分析;于7 d后回访调查,对并发症治疗效果进行统计,对比并发症处理前后症状变化。结果:本次研究中,急性肾损伤22例、慢性肾功能衰竭20例、急性中毒10例、其它8例,主要急性并发症包括:透析膜破裂、体外循环凝血、透析中低血压、肌肉痉挛、恶心、呕吐、头痛等为主要并发症,60例患者均伴有2种以上的急性症状;经过针对性处理,并发症得到有效控制。结论:肾内科HD治疗并发症发生率较高,急性并发症处理要结合具体病况,提高治疗效果。
Objective: To analyze the common complications of hemodialysis (HD) in the department of nephrology and provide the basis for clinical treatment. Methods: The data of 60 cases of HD patients collected from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from October 2014 to October 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence of complications during treatment was analyzed. The performance of acute complications and the treatment were analyzed. After 7 d, the patients were interviewed and the results of the complication treatment were statistically analyzed. The changes of symptoms before and after the complication were compared. Results: In this study, 22 cases of acute renal injury, 20 cases of chronic renal failure, acute poisoning in 10 cases, and the other 8 cases, the main acute complications include: dialysis membrane rupture, extracorporeal circulation coagulation, dialysis and hypotension, muscle spasms , Nausea, vomiting, headache as the main complications, 60 patients were associated with more than 2 kinds of acute symptoms; after targeted treatment, complications are effectively controlled. Conclusion: The incidence of complications of HD in nephrology is high. Treatment of acute complications should be combined with specific conditions to improve the therapeutic effect.