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缺氧是组织利用氧发生障碍时机体内所发生的病理生理变化。人脑组织的耗氧量远比其它组织的耗氧量为大。儿童于生长发育期在基础代谢条件下,大脑耗氧量占其全身耗氧量的50％。完整的血脑屏障则又是多样而复杂的动态系统,它能允许血循环中脑组织所需的营养物质通过,有效地阻断有害物质的侵入,又能将代谢物排出,以维持脑循环恒定。
Hypoxia is the pathophysiological changes that occur in the body when the tissue is impaired by oxygen. Human brain tissue oxygen consumption than other tissues of oxygen consumption is large. Children in the growth and development in the basic metabolic conditions, the brain oxygen consumption accounts for 50% of its systemic oxygen consumption. The complete blood-brain barrier is a diverse and complex dynamic system that allows the passage of nutrients needed by the brain tissue in the blood circulation, effectively blocking the intrusion of harmful substances and excreting the metabolites to maintain a constant cerebral circulation .