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什么叫软科学?软科学是一门新兴的高度综合的科学,涉及自然科学、社会科学和工程技术等诸多领域。它运用电子计算机等现代科技手段和系统论、社会工程等现代科学方法,为各层次的决策和管理提供科学依据和优化方案。我国著名科学家钱学森指出:“软科学实际上是现代科学技术体系中一个大部门——系统科学的应用,它包括直接改造客观世界的技术——各种系统工程和与系统工程直接有关系的基础理论(或叫应用科学),象运筹学、控制论、信息论等等,这些都在软科学(或叫软科学技术)的范围之内。”邮电软科学研究的内容是非常广泛的。其中包括网路体制、技术政策、组织管理、发展战略、法令法规、经营方针、资费标准、质量指标、社会效益、经济效益等诸方面的研究。邮电软科学研究的根本目的,是为邮电部门各级各类决策提供科学依据,是为领导决策服务的。从这个意义上说,邮电软科学研究就是决策研究,就是把科学引入决策过程中,利用现代科学技术手段,采用民主和科学的方法,把决策变成集思广益的、有科学依据的、有制度保证的过程。从而实现决策的民主化、科学化和制度化,以加速我国邮电通信现代化建设。
What is soft science? Soft science is a new and highly integrated science, involving natural sciences, social sciences and engineering technology. It uses modern scientific methods such as computers and systems, social engineering and other modern scientific methods to provide scientific basis and optimization solutions for decision-making and management at all levels. Qian Xuesen, a famous scientist in China, pointed out: “Soft science is actually a major department in modern science and technology system—the application of system science. It includes technology that directly transforms the objective world—a variety of systems engineering and the foundation directly related to systems engineering. Theory (or applied science), such as operations research, cybernetics, information theory, etc., are all within the scope of soft science (or soft science and technology). The contents of postal and soft science research are very extensive. Including the network system, technology policies, organizational management, development strategies, laws and regulations, operating principles, tariff standards, quality indicators, social benefits, economic benefits and other aspects of research. The basic purpose of the postal and telecommunications soft science research is to provide scientific basis for decision-making at all levels of postal and telecommunications departments, and to serve leaders in decision-making. In this sense, the scientific research of post and telecommunications soft science is decision-making research. It is the introduction of science into the decision-making process, the use of modern scientific and technological means, and the use of democratic and scientific methods to turn decision-making into a collective brainstorming, scientific basis, and institutional guarantee. the process of. In order to achieve a democratic, scientific and institutionalized decision-making process, we will accelerate the modernization of China’s postal and telecommunications communications.