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本文重点讨论了空间距离（时间距离）与潜在收益的损失、空间距离与不确定性之间的关系。在空间距离条件下，任何经济活动都要支付额外的成本，这种额外的成本包括显性成本与隐性成本，显性成本是指人人皆知的运输成本，隐性成本是指时间的损失和进入机会损失而导致的潜在收益的损失。本文指出，空间距离提高了信息生产成本，信息的生产成本按时间距离倍数增加，或降低信息生产效率。距离近，信息生产的有效投入增加，提高信息生产率；距离远，因克服空间障碍而支付的成本的增加，信息生产的有效投入减少，降低了信息生产率。本文认为信息量的多少，与信息甄别能力、不确定性的降低是正相关的，不确定性小，对不确定性的贴现小，保证市场的有效运作。这是经济活动空间聚集的主要的、又是本质的内容。
This article focuses on the relationship between spatial distance (temporal distance) and potential loss of return, spatial distance, and uncertainty. Under the condition of space distance, any economic activity has to pay extra cost. The additional cost includes explicit cost and implicit cost. Explicit cost refers to the well-known transportation cost. Implicit cost refers to time Losses and Potential Gains from Loss of Opportunity. This paper points out that the spatial distance increases the cost of information production, the production cost of information increases by a multiple of time, or reduces the information production efficiency. Distance, the effective investment in information production increased to improve information productivity; distance, to overcome the cost of space barriers to increase the effective information production reduced inputs and reduced information productivity. This paper holds that the amount of information is positively correlated with the reduction of information screening ability and uncertainty, the uncertainty is small, the discount to the uncertainty is small, and the effective operation of the market is guaranteed. This is the main, but also the essential content of the aggregation of economic activities.