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目的探讨我国4种典型温石棉的致突变作用。方法将4种温石棉受试物配制成3个染毒剂量组(50、100和200μg/ml)分别染毒V79细胞,同时设阴性和阳性对照组。用单细胞凝胶电泳实验检测其所致DNA损伤(每个剂量组染毒时间分别为24、48和72 h);用V79细胞微核试验检测其染色体畸变(每个剂量组染毒时间为24 h)。结果 (1)单细胞凝胶电泳实验:4种温石棉3个染毒剂量组染毒24、48和72 h所致V79细胞DNA迁移距离、OTM、拖尾率均高于阴性对照组(P<0.01),染毒48 h均比染毒24 h增加(P<0.01),染毒72 h均比染毒48 h下降(P<0.01)。(2)V79细胞微核试验:4种温石棉染毒剂量为50μg/ml时,微核率与阴性对照组比较无差异(P>0.05),染毒剂量为100和200μg/ml时,微核率均高于阴性对照组(P<0.01),并呈剂量-反应关系(P<0.01)。结论 4种温石棉单细胞凝胶电泳实验和V79细胞微核试验致突变阳性,产品安全性值得进一步探讨。
Objective To investigate the mutagenic effects of four typical chrysotile in China. Methods Four chrysotile asbestos test materials were prepared into three exposure dose groups (50, 100 and 200μg / ml) to infect V79 cells respectively. At the same time, negative and positive control groups were established. Single-cell gel electrophoresis was used to detect DNA damage (exposure time was 24,48 and 72 h in each dose group). Chromosome aberration was detected by V79 cell micronucleus test (the exposure time in each dose group was 24 h). Results (1) Single cell gel electrophoresis experiment: The DNA migration distance, OTM and tailing rate of V79 cells induced by 24 chondroitin sulfate, (P <0.01). Compared with the control group, the exposure time was significantly increased at 48 hours (P <0.01), and decreased at 72 hours (P <0.01). (2) Micronucleus test of V79 cells: There was no difference in micronucleus rate between the four chrysotile (50μg / ml) groups and the negative control group (P> 0.05). When the doses were 100 and 200μg / ml, Nuclear rate were higher than the negative control group (P <0.01), and the dose-response relationship (P <0.01). Conclusion Four kinds of chrysotile asbestos single cell gel electrophoresis and V79 cell micronucleus test mutagenic positive product safety is worth further study.